Islamica

Surah Quraysh

Quraysh

Introduction

Name of Chapter and Reason for its Name

This chapter is called Surah Quraysh and the name has been taken from its first verse.

Chapter Number

Surah Quraysh is the 106th chapter of the Quran.

Number of Verses

Surah Quraysh has 4 verses. [1] [2] According to the people of the Hijaz, the last verse of this chapter is counted as two verses and so the chapter has 5 verses. [3]

Place of Revelation

Surah Quraysh is a Makki chapter. [4] [5] [6]

Summary of Chapter

This chapter contains verses expressing thankfulness to the Quraysh because of their blessing of safe journeys and also includes an order to monotheism. [6]

Content

Important Concepts in this Chapter

Verses 1-4

A reference is made in this chapter to the Quraysh’s summer and winter journeys; and an order is given to worship the Lord.

Verse 1, “[In gratitude] for solidarity among the Quraysh,” means the coalition and the congregation of the Quraysh for business trips and non-business trips in total safety. [7]

Verse 3 says that because of the blessing that they received of safe travels - they are ordered to worship the Lord. [8] [9]

Verse 4, “Who has fed them [and saved them] from hunger, and secured them from fear,” is a reference to the Quraysh’s protection from fear, and their salvation from hunger in a land without water and plants, the land of Mecca. This protection was due to their safe business trips. [9]

Discussions on this Chapter

According to the Sunni Traditions

Benefits of Reciting this Surah

عن رسول اللّه صلى اللّه عليه و سلم: من قرأ سورة لإيلاف قريش أعطاه اللّه عشر حسنات بعدد من طاف بالكعبة و اعتكف بها

It has been narrated from the Prophet of Allah: “Whoever recites Surah li-ilaafi Quraysh, Allah will grant him ten merits, each of which is like that of someone who circumambulates around the Kabah and secludes himself in it.” [10]

عن سعيد بن عمرو بن جعدة بن هبيرة عن أبيه عن جدته أم هانئ بنت أبي طالب أن رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و سلّم قال: «فضل اللّه قريشا بسبع خلال: إني منهم و إن النبوة فيهم و الحجابة و السقاية فيهم، و إن اللّه نصرهم على الفيل، و إنهم عبدوا اللّه عز و جل عشر سنين لا يعبده غيرهم، و إن اللّه أنزل فيهم سورة من القرآن- ثم تلا رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و سلّم: «بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ. لِإِيلافِ قُرَيْشٍ... أَطْعَمَهُمْ مِنْ جُوعٍ وَ آمَنَهُمْ مِنْ خَوْفٍ‏»

It has been narrated from Saeed ibn Umar ibn Jadah ibn Habirah, from his father, from his grandmother Umm Haani binte Abu Talib that the Prophet of Allah said: “Allah has made the Quraysh superior in seven respects: I am from among them, the Prophethood is from them, the gatekeepers and water feeders are from them, surely Allah supported them against the [people of the] Elephant, surely they worshipped Allah the Almighty for ten years in a way that no one else did, and surely Allah revealed unto them a chapter from the Quran – and then the Prophet of Allah recited Surah al-Quraysh.” [7]


Verse 1: “[In gratitude] for solidarity among the Quraysh,”

لِإِيلَٰفِ قُرَيۡشٍ ١ عن أسماء بنت يزيد قالت سمعت رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و سلّم يقول: «ويل لكم قريش لإيلاف قريش» ثم قال: حدثنا أبي ... عن أسامة بن زيد قال سمعت رسول اللّه صلّى اللّه عليه و سلّم يقول: لِإِيلافِ قُرَيْشٍ إِيلافِهِمْ رِحْلَةَ الشِّتاءِ وَ الصَّيْفِ‏ و يحكم يا معشر قريش اعبدوا رب هذا البيت الذي أطعمكم من جوع و آمنكم من خوف»

Asma binte Yazeed says that she heard the Prophet of Allah say: “Woe unto you Quraysh, ‘for solidarity among the Quraysh.’” Thereafter he (?who is he?) said: “It is narrated to us from my father… from Usamah ibn Zayd who said, ‘I heard the Prophet of Allah recite Surah [al-Quraysh].some things are missing here from arabic [11]

According to the Shia Traditions

Benefits of Reciting this Surah

عَنْهُ ص‏ مَنْ قَرَأَهَا أُعْطِيَ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ عَشْرَ حَسَنَاتٍ‏ بِعَدَدِ مَنْ‏ طَافَ‏ بِالْكَعْبَةِ وَ اعْتَكَفَ بِهَا

He (the Prophet) has said: “Whoever recites it (Surah al-Quraysh) will be granted ten merits, each of which is like that of someone who circumambulates around the Kabah and secludes himself in it.” [12]

عَنِ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ع قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ‏ لَا تَجْمَعْ‏ بَيْنَ‏ سُورَتَيْنِ‏ فِي‏ رَكْعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ إِلَّا الضُّحَى وَ أَ لَمْ نَشْرَحْ- وَ أَ لَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ وَ لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْش‏

Mufaddal ibn Saaleh narrates from Abu Abdillah who said: “I heard him saying that do not join between any two chapters in one rakah - except for al-Duha and al-Inshirah – and al-Feel and Quraysh.” [12]

عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا قَالَ: أَ لَمْ‏ تَرَ كَيْفَ‏ فَعَلَ‏ رَبُّكَ‏- وَ لِإِيلَافِ‏ قُرَيْشٍ‏ سُورَةٌ وَاحِدَة

Abu Abbas narrates from one of the two who said: “The chapters al-Feel and Quraysh are one chapter.” [12]

References

  1. ↑ Mahmud Zamakhshari, Al-Kashshaf an Haqaiq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (1986), Volume 4, Page 800
  2. ↑ Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran (1971), Volume 20, Page 364
  3. ↑ Fadhl ibn Hasan Tabrisi, Majma al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran (1988), Volume 10, Page 827
  4. ↑ Ismail ibn Umar ibn Kathir Damishqi, Tafsir al-Quran al-Azim (1998), Volume 8, Page 466
  5. ↑ Mahmud Zamakhshari, Al-Kashshaf an Haqaiq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (1986), Page 800
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Tabatabai, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran (1971), Page 364
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Ibn Kathir Damishqi, Tafsir al-Quran al-Azim (1998), Page 466
  8. ↑ Zamakhshari, Al-Kashshaf an Haqaiq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (1986), Page 801
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Tabatabai, Al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Quran (1971), Page 366
  10. ↑ Zamakhshari, Al-Kashshaf an Haqaiq Ghawamid al-Tanzil (1986), Page 803
  11. ↑ Ibn Kathir Damishqi, Tafsir al-Quran al-Azim (1998), Page 467
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Tabrisi, Majma al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran (1988), Page 827
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